Columbus - Friend Or Foe Essays - Christopher Columbus,

Columbus - Friend Or Foe Explore, discover and develop or seek, destroy and conquer. Almost everyone recognizes the name Christopher Columbus and understands what his role was in changing the views, lifestyles, politics, and geography of the fifteenth century modern world. Christopher Columbus discovered a world known to no European, African or Asian. He discovered the ?New World?, the Americas. However, is today's society aware of the consequences, which came with this newfound world or are they blinded by biased history books and school texts. My view of Christopher Columbus and his glorious discovery was a traditional one. Columbus, the ?great explorer?, heroically discovered the Americas making friends with the natives creating a new way of life for the entire world. I am sorry to say that I was misguided in my education about Christopher Columbus. Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa in 1451 the son of a weaver and by the time he reach his late teenage years he went to sea and voyaged for many years trading for various employers in Genoa, Italy. His work eventually took him to England in 1477 and West Africa in 1482. About this time he began to seek financial support for a major Atlantic expedition. Most writers and philosophers, along with Columbus, had accepted that the Earth was round, and so Columbus understood that China and Japan could be reached by sailing west. His idea was logical, but not factual. Columbus didn't count on there being giant landmasses between the two, which was never explored by anyone outside of the Eastern Hemisphere. For some years Columbus failed to obtain support for a transatlantic expedition but in March 1492 the catholic monarchs of Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand, approved his voyage and awarded him the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and the governorship of any new land he might discover. He set sail in August 1492 with his fleet of three ships and one hundred men and made landfall in the Bahamas, October 1492. Prior to my revised education about Christopher Columbus, the preceding two paragraphs about his pre-discovery are just about the same in both histories, however from the moment he steps foot on land is where they conflict. My original views of how he handled his discovery probably matched a majority of the population's. In 1492 Christopher Columbus made a famous mistake as he discovered America. Unaware of the existence of America, he believed that his ships landed at the Spice Islands near India and named the islands the Indies and their people the Indians. Christopher Columbus, in my eyes was a brave, brilliant, great explorer. I viewed him as a man second to none, especially because I share the same ethnic background with him. When I first entered this class I wondered why we were going to learn about a hero like Columbus when everyone knows of him and his journey. However, after reading Zinn's shocking depiction of history and Columbus' conquest of the ?New World?, it shed a new light on an old tale. Upon his discovery and his interaction with the natives, which he called Indians, Columbus recognized opportunity for him and the Kingdom that he represented. ?They (the Indians) should be made to work, farm and live like us.? Columbus wrote in his letter to Isabella and Ferdinand. Columbus used their good, trusting nature to take their land and enslave them to find gold and work on plantations killing any Indian who opposed him. He and most Europeans felt that their own culture was far better and usually described Indians as savages. Columbus' men acted as if they were rulers of a kingdom or gods of a new world and had no mercy, sometimes brutally killing Indian men and children for fun and raping the women. They brought disease, famine and death to millions of people who were peaceful, giving and loving. My view of Christopher Columbus is no longer the one I grew up with, but it is one of embarrassment, disgust and abhorrence. I have always thought that Columbus explored the world, discovering America to develop the advancement of the human race, peacefully. Now I know that he searched for a new way to make money destroying the Native American's

University Admission Essay

University Admission Essay University Admission Essay Secrets of University Admission Essay Writing University admission essay writing is a serious assignment as you have to take into account numerous aspects of your life and then squeeze all that information into a two-three page essay. Not an easy task, is it? Moreover, your university admission essay must be nothing less than brilliant; otherwise, youll never get accepted into university of your dreams. One of our senior writers was a member of admission committee at one of the reputable American universities. We asked him to share his opinion on winning university admission essays. Here are several suggestions:http://.com/blog/writing-admission-essay Bad University Admission Essays More than 90% of applications are poorly written. Those university admission essays never get a single chance to be accepted. Bad university admission essays are five-paragraph papers which are nothing more than a group of unrelated and unsupported sentences. There are no mistakes or grammar problems, but they are boring to read and do not get any attention. Bad admission essays open with the general statement which provides immediate answer to the stated question. Such openings deprive admission committees of an opportunity to be interested in reading till the final sentence. Yes, you must keep the attention of the reader from the very first lines. In overall, there is nothing wrong with the boring university admission essays. However, such an essay will never contribute to your admission, unless you have the best grades in the city. Good University Admission Essays Good university admission essays are not the ones which are written in untraditional way. Good university admission essays are excellent because of their voice. It means that good essay shows your personality rather than tells about it. By showing, I mean that you must appeal to all of the senses. Even if you think that the topic is not relevant (of course, you should not go into description of the absolutely irrelevant issues), the way you present it determines whether you get admitted or not. In addition, you should show respect to the intelligence of the reader. Your good university admission essay should focus on ideas which come behind the details. Finally, do not forget that precision is a power in your university admission essay. Custom Written University Essays If you want to get the best written university admission essays, you may confidently ask our professional essay writers for assistance. We are able to write good university admission essays because we are aware of all the secrets of admission process. Moreover, our writers are experienced and have already helped many students! Do not delay your successful university admission essay writing! Read also: Critical Essay Outline Essays on Patriotism Assignments for Sale Maths Coursework

How to lose weight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to lose weight - Essay Example The major causes of obesity and overweight includes increased intake of foods with high energy density, such as sugars and unsaturated fats. Another cause of obesity is leading a sedentary or physically inactive lifestyle, especially in people consuming foods with high energy and fat contents (WHO 2). There are various methods of losing weight including exercises, controlling dietary intake, taking diet pills among other techniques. This paper discusses on how to lose weight through exercises and controlling dietary intake. According to WHO, the rate of obesity in developed countries has risen more than three times since 1980 mainly because of increased consumption of foods that have high energy density, such as sugars and saturated fats(2). These poor eating habits are accompanied with reduced physical activity, because of engaging in passive working environment or aversion to physical exercises. Currently, gaining excessive weight is not limited adults alone. Steer and Jebb noted that an increasing number of school going children are affected with the condition that has reached epidemic levels in the world. Thus, the high rate of obesity is a clear indicator of the changing behavioral patterns of different communities in the world. Although genetic composition determines vulnerability of a person to gain weight, energy balance in the body is influenced by the amount of calories in the diet and the physical activity .Changes in the society such as high economic growth, urbanization, liberalization of food markets and advance in technology are some of the factors that have acerbated the epidemic. In addition, technology has resulted in the production of automated transport, passive entertainment and leisure activities at home, which require less physical activities (WHO 2). According to Steer and Jebb, controlling the amount of calories in food that we eat is one of the most practical ways of losing weight. People of

Management case study applying 10 management theories

Management applying 10 management theories - Case Study Example Bearing in mind that the traditional methods of competitive advantage may not apply to the modern business sector, market segmentation and appropriate targeting can also act as a competitive advantage. However, to take advantage of this, the organization ought to devise reliable ways of undertaking market research, which requires the right employees who can only be acquired through recruitment and selection. Although the organization may decide to undertake internal recruitment, it is usually recommended to undertake external recruitment through advertisements, referrals, and the Internet. This provides a new set of skills for the organization that can be used to capitalize on market segmentation and targeting. In spite of this advantage, this also requires additional resources that mean additional expenses that organizations take lengthy discussions to deal with. To accomplish the required outcomes, the organization ought to understand the impact that rational decision making can have towards the realization of this quest. Rational decision making incorporates several steps that begin with the identification of a problem, formulation of alternatives, implementation of the most appropriate solution, and evaluation of the impact that the implemented solution has. In most cases, this process favors logic, analysis as well as objectivity. Since marketing is an issue in the organization, as indicated in the case study, this provides information on the problem to be resolved while the next step would involve several alternatives that may include increasing supply or even identifying areas to supply specific products. This is because the research would provide information concerning customer preferences, which is very important to organizations. Once the most appropriate step has been agreed upon and implemented, the final step is very important

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development Term Paper

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development - Term Paper Example On the other hand, the second principle of 'equitable sharing of international costs and benefits' that requires all nations to share the costs and benefits of environmental adjustments, equitably is not pragmatic. Not all nations are capable enough to share the costs. Some countries are poor, some rich. Some are developing, some developed and other underdeveloped. So, it won't be fair to ask all of them to share costs equitably. So, the principle must be reviewed and be formulated in such a way that the countries pay costs according to their ability and benefits according to their need. If the environment faces any damage, it would impact everyone, irrespective of who paid how much. So, a practical approach is what is required. For example, the principle of the present generation ensuring that the future generation gets at least a healthy environment that's worth living in. We must make sure that we do not waste resources now and leave a sufficient amount for the next generation. So, we must use more renewable resources rather than the non-renewable ones. Besides, the principles of avoiding irreversible damage to the environment, valuing environmental assets appropriately and the thought that the polluter and the user pays will help in preventing environmental degradation substantially. Meanwhile, some countries, especially the underdeveloped, developing and poor ones, might require a greater share of the benefits of implementing the precautionary measures.So, the principle must be reviewed and be formulated in such a way that the countries pay costs according to their ability and benefits according to their need. If the environment faces any damage, it would impact everyone, irrespective of who paid how much. So, a practical approach is what is required.  

Manuel Castells: Theory of Information Age

Manuel Castells: Theory of Information Age Manuel Castells is one of the most widely recognised contributors to contemporary debates about globalisation. Indeed his three volume trilogy The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture published from 1996 to 2000 was amongst the earliest, full-scale theories of globalisation. Castells transformed globalisation from a fashionable academic concept into a a whole new phase of human history. More recent contributors such as Hardt and Negri, Held, Bauman and Giddens have arguably been writing within Castells legacy. Few since however, have been able to match the boldness of Castells venture which some are already characterising as a work in the tradition of previous grand works of sociology such as Karl Marx and Max Weber. Of course, it is too early to place Castells alongside Marx and Weber but the central thesis of his trilogy is certainly all-encompassing. It is nothing less than the claim that new information technologies have not only transformed the technology of communicati on, they have not merely had a globalising impact but have brought about a new age, within which these technologies are the organising logic and principles. Very little of human life escapes this new age for Castells, from state structures and national sovereignty to the everyday individual reckoning with our own identity. In the first volume of his trilogy, The Network Society, Castells explains how the new age can be characterised as an age of informationalism. The world has shifted from industrialism to post-industrialism to informationalism (Castells, 1996). In other words the determining technology of our age is not mechanical but informational. This has brought about a whole new way in which economic activity and production is conducted, through networking. This takes place within companies, between companies and between regions. Networking is the new means for ensuring productivity, as opposed to old-fashioned heirarchical managerial strcutures which relied on the controllable logic of mechanical operations. Rather networking is informational and its technological medium is the internet. The networking society has important consequences not only for economic progress but for human relationships and the future of the nation-stae. In economic terms it means that progress is tied inextricably to in formation technology. If technology is responsible for transferring labor and matter into consumable goods and the production of  consumable goods determines economic progress then such progress is determined by information technology, and particular the manipulation of the internet. Furthermore, if human culture is significantly determined by the forms of economic activity that permeate it then the rise of the new information technologies is bound to have a rapid and dramatic impact on everyday human relationships. Perhaps the most significant of these is the impact on our conception of time. The world has become a much smaller place with the onset of information technology as we can interact and respond to each other in real time about matters of great significance. This theme is further developed in the second volume of the trilogy The Power of Identity. Here, Castells explains how the new social movements are posing a formidable challenge to the old nation-state system (Castells, 1998). These new social movements are the product of the new global economic order because this is new order is ruthless, perhaps more ruthless and brutal than previous economic orders. Whole communities and forms of life can simply by cut out or switched of. Individuals are likely to feel that their traditional roots have no value and at the same time there is very little security provided by this new order. In the End of Millenium, the third volume of his trilogy, Castells paints a gloomy picture of the trends that have been set in place by globalisation (Castells, 2000). On the one hand many will feel increasingly lost in the information age further removed from the forces that are shaping their lives. On the other hand many of those that embrace the new world or der will do so at the expense of the moral grounding that upheld previous social orders. Castells trilogy has been both widely discussed and heavily criticised. Much of this criticism has been concerned with the presentation of his ideas, that Castells covers too much ground and is uneccessarily verbose. There are more serious criticisms that can be made however. These criticisms are perhaps best highlighted by contrasting Castells work with other theorists of globalisation. Saskia Sassen provides one such contrast. For Sassen departs significantly in her account of globalisation from Castells economic and technological determinism. Whereas Castells argues that the new world order is fundamentally a new economic order and that this new economic order is  founded on progress in information technology, Sassen argues that there are two main trends that have driven globalisation (Sassen, 1996). According to Sassen these two main trends are both economic and political. And it is the development of political globalisation that tells most significantly against Castells thesis . New forms of transnational political association such as the European Union are acquiring a significant measure of political authority over process of global economic and social activities. They must therefore be understood as part of the driving force of globalisation. But political globalisation does not simply entail the transfer of power from national to international institutions. It also includes new human rights regimes. These rights have been centred around the protection, or at least the recognition, of peoples from the abuse of state power by international. Whilst human rights protection is patchy and far from universal it is one aspect of a way of avoiding the pessimistic conclusions made by Castells. Perhaps, even, a new form of global citizenship is possible through both global political institutions and the remaining and still vital democratic institutions of nation-states, which are far from disappearing as one might believe after reading Castells. But how will this be possible if, as Robertson explains, there is no prospect of any kind of unified global culture that could underpinn it. Well, perhaps it is if we follow Robertsons definition of globalisation as opposed to Castells. According to Robertson  globalisation refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the global whole. (Robertson, 1992: 8) In contrast to Castells then, who argues that in a globalised world individuals are likely to feel increasingly lost, disconnected from the forces that are shaping their lives, Robertsons globalisation leads to an increasing interconnectedness between people. This interconnectedness is obviously enabled to a significant degree by the internet. And, to be sure, not everyone is able to access the new communications technologies that are helping to drive globalisation. However, the possibility that those that are excluded from the rights and priviledges enjoyed by citizens of the west might be protected from the consequences of globalisation and might be eventually be included in these privileges is enabled by a key feature of globalisation itself. This is that in a globalised world we are more likely to position our views in relation to a far greater range of human  perspectives. In other words, globalisation involves comparative interaction of different forms of life. (Robertson, 1992:27) This process can be called relativisation, which is a process that affects both individuals and states. A more specific and more detailed exploration of the ways in which the comparative interaction of different forms of life may help to transform our world for the better can be found in theories of global civil society. There are many different versions of the theory of global civil society, but at its most optimistic it is envisaged that the key to the democratisation of forces of globalisation lies not in human rights regimes but in the development of networks of cooporation between international actors (NGOS) who can place pressure on both states and international authorities through the exchange of opinion within a global public sphere (Keane, 2003). Just as national civil societies ensured that national markets were socially embedded with moral and ethical norms, so global civil society may have this impact on the global economic order. The exposure of some of the unsavoury practices of certain global companies, such as Nike and BP, by NGOS and the paradoxically named anti-global isation movement, are surely already having such an impact. That said however, if we wanted to understand the forces that might render the prospect of a global civil society unrealized then there are few better theorists to turn to than Castells. That is if we put aside his economic and technological determinism. References Zygmunt Bauman (2000) Liquid Modernity Polity Press Keane, John (2003) Global Civil Society Cambridge University Press Castells, Manuel , (1996) The Information age: Economy, Society and Culture volume one. The Network Society Blackwell Castells, Manuel (1998) The Information age: Economy, Society and Culture volume two. The Power of Identity Blackwell Castells, Manuel (2000) The Information age: Economy, Society and Culture volume three. The End of Millenium Blackwell Robertson, Ronald (1992) Globalisation Social Theory and Global Culture. London: Sage. Saskia Sassen (1996) Losing Control? Columbia University Press

Stock Market crash of 1929 (present form) :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before World War I only small fractions of Americans invested or had interest in the Stock Market. Many Americans thought of Wall Street with fear and loathing. Populist politicians denounced Wall Street as the center of financial shell games thought up by millionaire operators like Gould, Drew, Morgan and others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But with the conclusion of the War, many of Americans were getting a different perspective of the Stock Market. Many lost fears of investing due to many were previously buyers of Liberty Bonds. Many Americans assumed they knew the advantages of investing and knowledgeable about stock splits, margin accounts, dividends, etc. New financial methods, the investment trust offered new approaches to investing in the market and many major corporations such as General Motors, General Electric and AT&T offered common stock and bonds were starting to boom and attracted many new money-seeking investors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  And till last month, the market was center of conversation, talked about and financial advice was shared everywhere! The market continued to increase, Major Corporations stocks rose incredibly. But brokers loans reached $137 million, and New York’s banks were in debt to the Federal Reserve by $64million. Warning signs began to appear in the market, and many market analysts began predicting the crash. Throughout the nation, thousands of investors were margin trading, buying stock on credit. The margin trader bought stock by paying less than the full price. This was highly profitable but extremely risky. If the stock value decreased the customer had to invest more money to sustain the account. And if the stock kept falling, the customer would run out of their money, and the broker, who usually borrowed money from their banker, was forced to sell out the account for any amount offered. If the customer could not pay the broker, the broker was unable to pay the banker, which placed of them all in debt.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many banks wanted their money from brokers, brokers wanted their money from customers, and the only method most customers could get their money was by selling their stock. And so there were massive rapid sales that totaled to nineteen million shares on Friday the 25th of October. The selling of the stocks depressed the market, in other words caused the stock market crash.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yesterday, on October 29, 1929 also known as â€Å"Black Tuesday,† was the most devastating day in economic history, a total of 16, 410, 030 shares were sold.

Sigma Six Iso 900 and Tqm Summary

DMADV a. k. a. DFSS The DMADV project methodology, also known as  DFSS  (â€Å"Design  For  Six  Sigma†),[12]  features five phases: * Define  design goals that are consistent with customer demands and the enterprise strategy. * Measure  and identify CTQs (characteristics that are  Critical  To  Quality), product capabilities, production process capability, and risks. * Analyze  to develop and design alternatives, create a high-level design and evaluate design capability to select the best design. * Design  details, optimize the design, and plan for design verification.This phase may require simulations. * Verify  the design, set up pilot runs, implement the production process and hand it over to the process owner(s). In order to scope out a potential project its imperative one understands the Six Sigma DMAIC requirements. A great example of project scoping is similar to a physician diagnosing a patient with a specific illness. Effective project sco ping is also comparable to a physician treating a patient with a specific illness, attention to detail is important when diagnosing a patient (Lynch, Bertolino, Cloutier, 2003).The define phase of a six sigma project is one of the most vital phases. The define phase can have the most impact on the success of the project. The DMAIC Six Sigma methodology should be used when a product or process is currently in place, but for some reason does not meet the customer specification or is not performing effectively, The DMADV methodology should be used when a new product or process is being introduced, when a process does not exist, or has reached entitlement. If a defect exists, one should opt toward using the DMAIC methodology to complete a six sigma project.Due to the nature of this process, identifying the customer specifications, designing and optimizing solutions, implementing the new process, product or service, a DMADV project can be more complex and be potentially longer in duratio n. Some Black Belts may be tempted to defer to DMADV when the process to be improved is not documented. Consider whether the work, process, or service is occurring today. If it is, then one would perhaps have a project that should begin as a DMAIC project. The process should then be documented as one of the early steps in the effort toward reducing defect variation.Another common misstep occurs when projects are identified as DMADV and the appropriate tools are not used. The DMADV methodology leverages unique tools to capture the Voice of the Customer and translate to CTQs, which is an acronym for â€Å"Critical to Quality† and then to Functional Design Requirements. These tools include Kano Analysis, Quality Function Deployment, and Pugh Matrix. Leveraging these tools during a DMADV project helps ensure that the effort to create a product, process, or service will deliver the most important customer requirements. ConclusionSix Sigma is one quality system that has outlasted o ther quality management systems (Brinlee, n. d. ). There are dozens of tools and software programs available; however, there are basics that all should know. Depending on ones training as a green or black belt, the six sigma tools used can vary. Most all six sigma software programs are designed to allow the computer to calculate to decrease the potential of human error. There are two basic classifications of six sigma tools: process optimization tools and statistical analysis tools (Brinlee, n. d. ).Analysis: After you describe your research finding and include references, please offer your analysis of the information here. By beginning the paragraph with a bolded word, it will be much more apparent to the Evaluator that this is where they will find your analysis of the information rather than it appearing as if it is part of the research summary. Benefits of Six Sigma It is clear that many companies have capitalized on the application of Six Sigma to there business model. If we loo k deeper into the appeal of Six Sigma, past the historical quantitative gains, we will find several benefits that companies find attractive. Pande, 2000) â€Å"Six Sigma, 1. â€Å"Generates sustained success† – The only way to sustain a high level of growth is to continually innovate and remake the organization. A Six Sigma process creates the skills and culture to achieve this continuous process improvement cycle. 2. â€Å"Sets a performance goal for everyone† – a company is made up of multiple departments with different tasks and objectives. Six Sigma provides a common objective for all departments to be as close to perfect as possible. The idea is that if you understand the customer’s requirements, then you can measure for defects. . â€Å"Enhances Customer Value† – The focus of Six Sigma is understanding what the customer requirements are and delivering a product or service within those requirements. 4. â€Å"Increases the rate of improvement† – Six Sigma helps a company stay on top of it’s improvement efforts by constantly updating requirements and identifying defects before they happen. 5. â€Å"Promotes Learning† – Six sigma brings experts together with novices to manage the process and teach the Six Sigma way of business. Companies that use Six Sigma view it as learning tool that is critical to their success. 6. Executes strategic change† – Six Sigma gives you a better understanding of your companies processes. The philosophy is tied back to the companies goals so when it’s time for change there is a higher probability of success. † (Pande, 2000) Six Sigma Negatives Six Sigma is has not been successful for every company. Critics point to several factors as negatives of Six Sigma. Some point to the fact that Six Sigma is not an original philosophy but rather a re-packaging of existing ideas. Additionally, critics point out the use of consultant s and the need for highly trained specialist to implement and manage the process can be very expensive.Another criticism is that the 3. 4 per 1 million measurement does not fit all situations. An airport may need a higher standard than say the post office. It has been said that applying Six Sigma rigorously will result in in a workplace environment that is rigid and stifles creativity, innovation, and invention. However, proponents will say that this outcome is a result of missing key parts of a successful program. The goals of the program must be tied to the goals of the company and the processes in place must directly tie to the customers needs. ImplementationSix Sigma programs are deployed from the Top down and implemented from the bottom up. (Cariera and Trudell, 2006) You must have upper managements buy-in and full support. This support must be communicated effectively through the organization. Upper management must be willing to invest in training for their employees and willi ng to embrace the changes that will come out of the initiative. Although Six Sigma can involve some complex statistical theories and measurement tools, the barriers to successful implementations usually come from â€Å"behavioral† resistance rather than â€Å"technical† issues. Kumar, 2006) The following are what Kumar considers â€Å"Fundamental rules for significant change†: †¢ Always include affected individuals in both planning and implementing improvements. †¢ Provide sufficient time for employees to change. †¢ Confine improvements to only those changes essential to remove the identified root cause(s). †¢ Respect an individual’s perceptions by listening and responding to his/her concerns. †¢ Ensure leadership participation in the program. †¢ Provide timely feedback to affected individuals. These are all key points to implementing Six Sigma, however to a Six Sigma critic’s point, there is nothing really new here.Th is is very similar to many other management and quality philosophies. Regardless of what name you give it, these fundamentals are imperative for instituting positive change in an organization. Perhaps by applying these fundamentals under a recognized program such as Six Sigma, there will be a better chance for success. ISO 9000 Naturally this subheading â€Å"Finding Number 2† would actually be changed to describe the second research finding. Then you would describe what you found and be sure to include quotes or paraphrases from your research.After each of those references, be sure to include a correct in-text citation (APA) format. Keep in mind that this task requires you to reference 8 sources in your paper (and include an accompanying Reference page). Analysis: After you describe your research finding and include references, please offer your analysis of the information here. By beginning the paragraph with a bolded word, it will be much more apparent to the Evaluator tha t this is where they will find your analysis of the information rather than it appearing as if it is part of the research summary. Benefits of ISOThe ISO was started in 1947 when 25 countries met in London to define industry-wide standardization for the manufacture and supply of products, testing/analysis and technology used in these fields, that begins a foundation of the trade and transfer of technology. A) While leveling the playing field so countries can easily trade overseas easier, companies are free to compete in more worldwide markets. This allows companies access to territories previously adrnonished for political reasons (American companies doing business in Vietnam, for example), while bridging the needs of business into the new millennium.B) At its core the ISO in conjunction with organizations the WTO, promotes a global trading systern strength. The WTO instituted the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)' which includes a Code of Good practice for the Preparation, Adoption and Application of Standards: simply-put, the Code recognizes the efficient improvement of production in international trade AND, encourages standardizing bodies to use ihem for the standards they develop. C) Another advantage is product reliability from other countries.Think about it, in terms of quality and safety you can rest easier knowing that the product quality will be the same or better than a competing US brand. Which is generally, not good. But it encourages competition, promotes more trade opens up our thinking to new, sometimes better merchandise. Look at the inventory from Ikea and World Market and see how those marketplaces have tested throughout the country? D) With regard to our govemment, where would we be without International Standards for health, safety and environmental legislation?International Standards can also ‘&ame' political trade agreements with this body of knowledge. E) I believe that, without certain Standardizations our commerce would erswl. Li ke the sizes of screw-threads for chairs in classrooms, telcom technology, the size of 2Ãâ€"4's for use overseas, the quality of steel-beams to erect a building. Pros and cons of ISO ISO 9000 is a set of standards governing documentation of a quality program. ISO 9000 is an overview document which gives guidelines for selection and use of the other standards. It is also used internationally by business to provide an outline of quality assurance.The ISO 9000 contains five document which are the 9001 9002 9003 9004 the ISO 9001 deals with aspects of a quality program for businesses that design, produce, install and service products. The ISO 9002 deals with the same aspects as the ISO 9001, the ISO 9003 is the most limited in scope and addresses only the production process. ISO 9004 contains guidelines for interpreting the other standards. The steps for businesses to take in order to make sure they are registered with ISO 9000 standards are that the quality management system in the co mpany or business must be fully approved and meet the required standard the ISO 9000 need.They must also be able to look after and put in order all the companies internally audits. Organisations should seek ISO 9000 accreditation due to some advantages it provides for the company which are it helps the company improve its customer service and increases the satisfaction of customers. When business or organisations seek ISO documentation it helps the focus on satisfying customers and providing quality service for customers. It helps the company to ensure that their product when is reached the final stage is of good quality which helps to increase customer satisfaction or make customer happy with the final product.Another reason why a company should also seek ISO 9000 accreditation is due to the fact that it would be easier for business or organisation to get supplier if there in need of one. Supplier would be willing to associate themselves with companies with the ISO documentation wh o are in looking for or in a need of suppliers. The ISO accreditation requires an organisation to analyse and document its actions, which is important in any event for implementing continuous improvement for the staff who get involved. The rules required in ISO accreditation standards provide businesses to start pursuing TQM programs.Organisations that register their company with the ISO 9000 accreditation give there company a good eye with public as it increases their marketability as the public feel they have their best interest at heart by ensuring they offer good quality products to them and this is an advantage to the company as it increases their customer loyalty base and brings in new customers. It would also help organisations against their competitors as a business or company seeking ISO 9000 accreditation increases their advantages over their competitors and this might make them draw some of their competitors’ customers.ISO 9000 registration helps companies look att ractive by inviting business owners and investors to combine or deal in business with them. It gives companies or businesses who have registered with ISO 9000 accreditation secure their finances with other businesses. Aside from all this advantages towards companies who seek ISO 9000 accreditation there are also disadvantages to this documentation. One of them would be its very expensive to organisations who seek the ISO 9000 accreditation.Some companies who fully be able continuously pay the funds to register their companies especially companies that are not large. The steps to register your business or company are very expensive and so many companies might be able to afford it. Apart from the business being expensive another disadvantage is the amount or period the process takes to register. The process usually takes many months or over a year to complete the registration and all the necessary documentation it needs to finally complete it.This might make business fed up due to amo unt of time it’s taken them to achieve this documentation and the amount of time they have put in order to complete it to the final audit. Aside from it also being expensive there’s a lot of paper work and documentation involved in registering with the ISO 9000 accreditation and this paper work take a lot of the company time. This makes the business focus on the paper work rather than being able to balance the paper work or other business matters the company needs to adhere.Some companies might get carried away with the documentation forgetting they need to attend to other business matter and this might make them lose important business running. Total Quality Management (TQM) Naturally this subheading â€Å"Finding Number 3† would actually be changed to describe the third research finding. Then you would describe what you found and be sure to include quotes or paraphrases from your research. After each of those references, be sure to include a correct in-text ci tation (APA) format.Keep in mind that this task requires you to reference 8 sources in your paper (and include an accompanying Reference page). If you have more than 3 main points, please feel free to add them. Follow the same format for consistency. Analysis: After you describe your research finding and include references, please offer your analysis of the information here. By beginning the paragraph with a bolded word, it will be much more apparent to the Evaluator that this is where they will find your analysis of the information rather than it appearing as if it is part of the research summary.Recommendations This will be the last section of the body of your paper in which you will provide your audience (your company’s management) with your recommendations for action. Again, you could begin by replacing this text with an appropriate introduction. The discussion here should also justify the logic used to arrive at the particular recommendations. For example: Recommendation : This would be your first recommendation. You could bold it as I have here.Then you should explain or describe the recommendation more fully as well as why you feel this will be beneficial to the company. You will then follow this same format for the remaining recommendations. You must have at least three recommendations for the company. Conclusion Task instruction: Prepare a business report based on your research findings that includes a conclusion that will: a. Emphasize the importance of the three research findings; b. Summarize the benefits of your recommendations. . This task can generally be done in 1-2 paragraphs.

How to Pass Your AP Course Audit

How to Pass Your AP Course Audit SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Need to learn the ins and outs of the AP auditing process? You're in luck. Whether you’re a new teacher or just new to AP, check out this guide to make sure your course is approved! We will explain the auditing process in detail, including how AP courses are reviewed,how to submit your audit, andhow to write an appropriate syllabus. What Is Course Auditing? Why Do You Need It? AP Course auditing is what allows a school to officially give a course the â€Å"AP† label. Having classes with the official AP label is important for your students' transcripts, especially if they are applying toprestigious schools and scholarships. The AP label showscolleges and scholarship committees that your school’s courses have a high level of rigor. That said, a course does not have to carry the official â€Å"AP† label for your school to order the corresponding AP exams. For example, you could teach a course titled just â€Å"United States History† and still order the AP United States Exam for your class at the end of the year. But generally, if you’re teaching a course with the goal of your students taking the AP exam, it’s worth it to go through the audit to get the â€Å"AP† label to improve your students’ transcripts. AP course are auditedonce everyyear, but it’s the most onerous the first time your course is approved. Each year after your first audit you just go through a quick renewal process. During that first audit, you’ll submit a detailed syllabus of your AP course as well as an AP Course Audit form for review. For the rest of this guide, we will go over that first auditing process, explain re-auditing, and finally give some tips for writing your syllabus for the first audit. What Happens During My First Audit? For your first audit, you'll create an online account with the College Board and submit the AP Course Audit form and a copy of your syllabus (more on that process below). Once your form is approved by a Course Audit administrator, your syllabus will be forwarded to an external college faculty reviewer who will approve it. You’ll learn if your course was approved by the College Board within 60 days of submitting your forms. For a course to be authorized, the syllabus has to clearly show that each of the AP course's curricular requirements is included in your class. There are two possible outcomes of the first review: 1. Good news:Your reviewer finds that yoursyllabus meets all requirements, and your class is approved. You'll be notified via email, and then you'll be all done with the auditing process! Good news! 2. Bad news:The reviewer does not think your syllabus meets or exceeds the requirements, and your syllabus is passed on to a senior reviewer. If the senior reviewer agrees, the senior reviewer will send you an email with a rationale as to why your syllabus wasn't approved. You can then revise and resubmit your syllabus based on that feedback. If, after submitting a revised syllabus, the reviewers still don't think your syllabus meets the requirements, the College Board will provide a curriculum adviserto provide additional suggestions for how yoursyllabus should be revised. You will then have a third and final chance to revise and submit the syllabus. If your course isn’t approved on your third try, it won’t be authorized for that year. (Again, your school can still order and administer AP Exams for that subject regardless of the audit outcome.) You can re-submit materials for authorization starting next year. How to Start Your First Audit To start, you'll need tocreate an online AP Course Audit account with College Board. Through this account, you can submit the Course Audit form and your syllabus. The AP Course Audit form is where you list information about the class, your school, your district, and your students. It’s fairly straightforward and shouldn't take more than a few minutes. The syllabus is where you describe your course in detail and explain how it meets AP guidelines. Writing an appropriate syllabus is the most important and time-consuming piece of the auditing process. During the audit, theCollege Board isn’t looking at your background or credentials as a teacher, and it doesn’t require any specific professional development for you to get your course certified – they’re just checking to see if your course aligns with the AP class’s goals. And in case you're worried, the College Board isn’t going to randomly drop in during the year and monitor your actual class – you just need to get the syllabus right! We'll break down how to write an appropriate syllabus below. Re-Auditing Technically, even after your course is approved, you still have to re-audit every year if you want your class to keep the â€Å"AP† title. Fortunately,you don’t have to do much work for re-authorization. After you get your initial approval, you don’t need to resubmit the Course Audit form or a syllabus unless your course changes significantly, the AP course itself changes, or a new teacher is given the class. Beginning every August, Course Audit administrators can renew AP classes for the following year through their online AP Course Audit accounts. If you’re not sure who your school’s Course Audit administrator is, ask the head of your department or someone in your school’s administration. The Course Audit administrator isprobably someone who doesn't mind lots of paperwork. In short, your course should be re-approved without you having to do anything unless you make major changes or switch courses at your school. If a new teacher is assigned to an existing AP class, he or shemustresubmit the Course Audit form and syllabus. However, they can use the old teacher’s syllabus, so the approval process should be pretty quick. Writing Your Syllabus Like we mentioned above, the AP Course Audit is just the submission of a form and your syllabus, sothe syllabus is the main piece of work you have to complete. You can find detailed info about each AP class, including a checklist for the syllabus and example syllabi, right here. Definitely make use of this page as you write your syllabus! This guide will focus on AP English Language, the most popular AP class, but we will go through the general syllabus-writing process that you can use for any AP class. First, take a look at the example syllabi College Board has posted for your class. This will give you a sense of what College Board is looking for in your syllabus. As a guide, College Board has posted four example syllabi for AP English Language: Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 The first thing you'll probably notice in these syllabi is the cover page, which lists all the scoring components for the syllabus and where they are addressed: Source: The College Board Acover page is not required for submitting your syllabus, but using onecan help you keep track of the various requirements you need to meet for your syllabus. If you're overwhelmed by the requirements for your class, using an organizer like this cover page could be incredibly helpful. You can get a sample cover page for every AP class by going to the webpagefor each class, linked above. You will need to write a syllabus that explains your class’s assignments, structure, and reading list so that it fits into the AP guidelines. It’s going to be pretty long – at least 10 pages – so make sure you set aside some quality time to write it. In addition to using the example syllabi on College Board’s website as a guide, you can also reach out to another AP teacher at your school to learn how they approached their syllabus. They might have some tips for writing a College Board-approved syllabus or havemore inside information on the auditing process. If you're worried that you may have a hard time sticking to this incredibly detailed syllabus, don't stress. You’re never held accountable by College Board for sticking to this syllabus, so you don’t have to follow it to the letter. Finally, remember you’re given two additional chances to revise your syllabus if it doesn’t pass the audit the first time. Using the College Board's Self-Evaluation Checklist Afteryou’ve written your syllabus, go through the self-evaluation checklist that the College Board has made for your class. (You can find all AP course checklists at the link above.) Read through theitems on the list and make sure your syllabus addresses each one. In addition to the cover page, reviewingthe checklist should ensure that your syllabus meets all theCollege Board's guidelines and will be approved. As an example, this is the list for AP English Language and Composition: Have you read through the most recent AP English course description? Do you require students to write in several forms during the year (narrative, expository, analytical, and argumentative essays) as well as write about a variety of subjects (public policies, pop culture, personal experiences)? Do you have essays that go through several stages or drafts, with revision by you or other students? Do you also have students write in informal contexts (imitation exercises, journal keeping, collaborative writing, and in-class responses)? Do you assign nonfiction readings (e.g., essays, journalism, political writing, science writing, nature writing, autobiographies/biographies, diaries, history, criticism) to give students opportunities to identify and explain an author's use of rhetorical strategies and techniques? (If you use fiction and poetry, it should be to help students understand how various effects are achieved by writers' linguistic and rhetorical choices.) [Note: you can see a list of possible authors and works in the AP English Language course description.] Do you teach students to analyze how graphics and images both relate to written text and serve as texts themselves? Do you teach research skills, specifically the ability to evaluate, use, and cite sources? Do you assign a researched argument paper, which has students both cite and synthesize various sources to come up with their own argument? Do you have students cite sources using a standard style (like Modern Language Association or Chicago Manual of Style)? Do you give instruction and feedback on student writing focused on these skills: wide and effective vocabulary, variety of sentence structures, logical organization, balance of generalization and specific detail, effective use or rhetoric? The College Board's auditors will be using that same checklist to evaluate your syllabus. If your syllabus falls short on any of these questions, make sure to edit it before you submit it for review! It may alsobe helpful to have another teacher read through yoursyllabus andconfirm that itclearly meets the checklist guidelines. Other Syllabus Tips The deadline for your first submission to authorize a course taught in 2016-17is January 31, 2017. Make sure to start working on your syllabus well before that deadline! If your school has a multi-year course sequence leading to an AP class (for example, an honors biology class that feeds into AP Biology), only the course taken in the year that ends in the actual AP exam can carry the "AP" label.However,you should still submit syllabi from both coursesif the first year includes some AP class material. If your school has an interdisciplinary class, e.g. â€Å"American Studies,† that encompasses both history and literature, you can apply separately for AP the English Literature label and AP United States History label. Your final class might be called American Studies (AP English Lit/AP United States History). Just make sure you don't try to rename your final class something like "AP American Studies." Many AP science courses require a hands-on lab where â€Å"students manipulate, observe, explore, and think about science using concrete materials.† If you want examples of hands-on labs for the various science classes, check out the course’s page at the AP Course Audit website. Finally, if you want to read a first-person account from a teacher going through the audit process, including how a syllabus evolves to meet College Board standards, check out this blog post by Adrian Dingle. He writes in detail about how he had to edit his AP chemistry syllabus to get itapproved, even when the College Board's requirements didn't seem to make a lot of sense. For example, he says while trying to meet a requirement about connecting chemistry to the real world: â€Å"It seems as though they want me to describe an assignment with a specific topic for connecting chemistry to the real world. I’m just not prepared to do that at this stage – who KNOWS what current event might come up during the course that I think will make for a great opportunity to fulfill this criteria?† The main takeaway from his post is that even after extensive and sometimes annoying edits, he was still able to get his course approved by the College Board.Even though going through your first AP audit can be a bit nerve-wracking and time-consuming, remember that you have severalchances to revise your syllabus. Don’t feel pressured to get it perfect the first time! As long as you give it enough time and work to follow College Board's requirements, your syllabus should be approved. What’s Next? The audit process is fairly strict and not always a favorite among teachers. What are some other problems with the College Board’s AP program? Read in-depth about some of the AP program's problems. Are any of your students studying for the ACT or SAT? Does your school have an SAT/ACT class or tutoring program? If not, learn about the best way to teach the ACT / SAT to give your students the support they need. Teaching AP US History? We have a list of the best textbooks on the market. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free Essays on Beliefs

What are your beliefs? Almost immediately, you probably thought about your religious conviction. This is only natural since your beliefs affect the way you think, but person’s beliefs extend much further than religion. Astrology, morals, skepticism, and psychic phenomena are all examples of beliefs in other forms. Some beliefs are absurd, yet others are extremely convincing. Before a person chooses their own set of beliefs, they should first become knowledgeable about a wide range of beliefs, because it allows them to be more open minded and understandable to another person’s way of life. Basically a belief is the acceptance of something as being truthful. By definition, it is the mental act, condition, or habit of placing confidence or trust in a person or thing. We all have different beliefs. Catholicism, Buddhism, faith healing, superstitions, urban legends, astrology, and palm reading are all examples. Usually before people believe something they want proof...as much proof as they can get. But without proof, how can you tell if a belief is true or false? How can you tell if they are all true? How can you tell if they are all false? Its simple, YOU CAN’T! When it comes to beliefs people only believe what they want to believe. Some beliefs come across as being out of this ridiculously silly. Charles Johnson is a sixty four year old, bearded, distinguished-looking man, and an active member of the Flat Earth Society. Supposedly founded in 1492 B.C., Johnson and its members believe the Earth is flat, the space shuttle program is a joke, the dome of heaven is about four thousand miles away, the stars are about as far as San Francisco is from Boston, and the sun and moon are only about thirty two miles in diameter. Absolutely insane is the thought that comes to my mind but not to those who believe. It was not until the late fourteenth century when of the experiments and studies of pioneer astronomers, like Copernicus and Galileo,... Free Essays on Beliefs Free Essays on Beliefs What are your beliefs? Almost immediately, you probably thought about your religious conviction. This is only natural since your beliefs affect the way you think, but person’s beliefs extend much further than religion. Astrology, morals, skepticism, and psychic phenomena are all examples of beliefs in other forms. Some beliefs are absurd, yet others are extremely convincing. Before a person chooses their own set of beliefs, they should first become knowledgeable about a wide range of beliefs, because it allows them to be more open minded and understandable to another person’s way of life. Basically a belief is the acceptance of something as being truthful. By definition, it is the mental act, condition, or habit of placing confidence or trust in a person or thing. We all have different beliefs. Catholicism, Buddhism, faith healing, superstitions, urban legends, astrology, and palm reading are all examples. Usually before people believe something they want proof...as much proof as they can get. But without proof, how can you tell if a belief is true or false? How can you tell if they are all true? How can you tell if they are all false? Its simple, YOU CAN’T! When it comes to beliefs people only believe what they want to believe. Some beliefs come across as being out of this ridiculously silly. Charles Johnson is a sixty four year old, bearded, distinguished-looking man, and an active member of the Flat Earth Society. Supposedly founded in 1492 B.C., Johnson and its members believe the Earth is flat, the space shuttle program is a joke, the dome of heaven is about four thousand miles away, the stars are about as far as San Francisco is from Boston, and the sun and moon are only about thirty two miles in diameter. Absolutely insane is the thought that comes to my mind but not to those who believe. It was not until the late fourteenth century when of the experiments and studies of pioneer astronomers, like Copernicus and Galileo,...

A Rose for Emily Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Rose for Emily - Research Paper Example Emily in her course of life lost her father and lover and was living an aloof life. We have sympathy for Emily but cannot really have a deep visual about her life. Anyway, it was obvious from her life that she had spent a tragic life mainly filled with skepticism and tragedy (Thesis). Emily has never lived an independent life. All she had was poverty and the house that her father left before his death. Emily was always under the control of her father and did not find a suitable partner to live with. Her father always wanted to control her and in this struggle she was left all alone after her father’s death. After her father’s death she was not paying tax and she kept herself away from the township. Later she met Homer and fell in love with him, but killed him with arsenic and continued to keep his rotten body with her. Describing the poverty of Emily The poverty of Emily is described here with the criticism from various authors and each one is as follows. 1) Father†™s hidden body From my analysis of the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, we may gauge the character of her as a psychopath. She is definitely a case of mentally unstable woman, and people did not have much connection with her, hence none could acknowledge her disorder. This is the understanding of mine and this thought of mine is similar to that of the criticism of Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren. Both of these authors conducted an evaluation of the story of Faulkner and claimed that Emily is a pathological case. A normal person would not hide the body of another person from the public sight. The stench coming from home could be that of her father’s hidden dead body. She loved her father as they shared a nice and warm relationship with each other and she was barely able to accept her father’s death. She loved him because he provided for her life and comforted her and also handed over the house to her. However, both authors feel that the story lacks ju stification and meaning as Faulkner was only keen on narrating the psychopath nature of Emily. It is a fact what authors have said because even I feel that the story looks incomplete in some way. According to Brooks and Warren, â€Å"Miss Emily is obviously a pathological case. The narrator indicates plainly enough that people felt that she was crazy.† Emily here does not have an identity or characterization since the author intends mainly to portray her as a victim of the dominating world of men. 2) Homosexual Homer Emily loved Homer and her character evoked piety and sympathy from her contemporaries. Emily killed Homer just after one year of their alleged love relationship. She sleeps with the dead body of Homer, which is rotting in the bed in a room upstairs. Here we can perceive the state of Emily as abnormal, where she is mentally disordered and shows signs of a pathological condition. Here we can understand that Emily killed Homer because he was a homosexual. She believ ed that Homer was still alive and for that reason she hugs his decayed body and sleeps. She killed Homer because she could not accept the fact that he was homosexual. According to critic Ray West, Homer was an unheroic figure and Emily had a resisting quality which can be mentioned as â€Å"heroic.† According to West< â€Å"Her tragic flaw is the conventional pride: she undertook to regulate the natural time-universe.† Emily never wanted the time to move on as she wished to cuddle up with the body of her dead lover. The Barron Homer and Emily did have an affair

Relational Database Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Relational Database - Essay Example The data stored in such databases includes the past data and archives too along with the current one. Object oriented databases have now become very popular as they provide a greater degree of flexibility in data storage and also provide a resource efficient storage mechanism. The data storage in the object oriented databases is in the form of objects instead of storing as rows and columns. The integration and connectivity of individual systems provide support to connect stand alone machines. In the current environment, the databases are all linked at the backend. This provides for client-server database architecture which gives a whole new dimension to existing database structure. The databases today are based on client-server architecture and provide support for multimedia content. They are huge in size as storage costs are not of much concern today. Data warehouses act as archives and analytical tool for the historical data. Relational database was a revolution in the field of databases. The idea of having a tabular structure composed of rows and columns was a ground breaking proposition to make storage and retrieval easier than ever before. Peter Rob in his book describes the relational database in terms of storage and representation. The relational database model allows the designer to focus on the logical representation of the data and its relationships than the physical storage details. The tables are all logical, having the similar physical storage mechanisms at the backend. Each table is referred to as relation, and hence called relational database, having a unique attribute(s) which make up the primary key. Each table is linked to one or more tables through the primary key and foreign key architecture. The relational databases use the concept of indexing for making the search faster and easier. The indexes are not the keys, but are attributes used for faster